Insect Visitors
of Illinois Wildflowers
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Illinois Wildflowers


Click on links at right for specific insect visitors of plant species:


Database Description

Bird Database

Bee Database

Wasp, Ant, & Sawfly Database

Fly Database

Butterfly, Skipper, & Moth Database

Beetle Database

True Bug & Others Database

Oligolectic Bees

Database Abbreviations: Insect Activity

Database Abbreviations: Scientific Observer

Common Names: Insect Families

Common Names: Insect Species

Descriptions: Long-Tongued Bees

Descriptions: Short-Tongued Bees

Descriptions: Wasps

Descriptions: Flies

Descriptions: Beetles

Descriptions: Plant Bugs

Descriptions: Butterflies, Skippers, and Moths

References

Links

Send comments or questions to
Dr. John Hilty at: john@illinoiswildflowers.info


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Copyright © 2002-2019
by John Hilty

All rights reserved.

Last Updated: 9-1-19



Abutilon theophrastii (Velvet Leaf)

Acer negundo (Box Elder)

Acer platanoides (Norway Maple)

Acer saccharum (Sugar Maple)

Acer spicatum (Mountain Maple)

Achillea millefolium (Yarrow)

Aconitum uncinatum (Southern Blue Monkshood)

Acroptilon repens (Russian Knapweed)

Actaea spp. (Baneberry)

Actaea pachypoda (Doll's Eyes)

Actaea rubra (Red Baneberry)

Aesculus glabra (Ohio Buckeye)

Aesculus hippocastanum (Horse Chestnut)

Aesculus parviflora (Bottlebrush Buckeye)

Aesculus pavia (Red Buckeye)

Agalinis aspera (Rough False Foxglove)

Agalinis paupercula (Small-flowered False Foxglove)

Agalinis purpurea (Purple False Foxglove)

Agalinis tenuifolia (Slender False Foxglove)

Agastache foeniculum (Anise Hyssop)

Agastache nepetoides (Yellow Giant Hyssop)

Agastache scrophulariaefolia (Purple Giant Hyssop)

Ageratina altissima (White Snakeroot)

Agoseris sp. (Prairie Dandelion)

Agoseris cuspidata (Prairie Dandelion)

Agrimonia grypsosepala (Tall Agrimony)

Agrimonia rostellata (Beaked Agrimony)

Agrostis gigantea (Redtop)

Ailanthus altissima (Tree-of-Heaven)


Ajuga reptans (Carpet Bugle)

Alcea rosea (Hollyhock)

Aletris farinosa (Colic Root)

Alisma subcordatum (Small-flowered Water Plantain)

Alisma triviale (Large-flowered Water Plantain)

Alliaria petiolata (Garlic Mustard)

Allium burdickii (Chicago Leek)

Allium canadense (Wild Garlic)

Allium cernuum (Nodding Onion)

Allium schoenoprasum (Chives)

Allium stellatum (Cliff Onion)

Allium tricoccum (Wild Leek)

Allium tuberosum (Garlic Chives)

Amaranthus spinosus (Spiny Pigweed)

Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Common Ragweed)

Ambrosia psilostachya (Western Ragweed)

Ambrosia trifida (Giant Ragweed)

Amelanchier spp. (Serviceberry)

Amelanchier arborea (Downy Serviceberry)

Amelanchier canadensis (Canadian Serviceberry)

Amelanchier humilis (Low Juneberry)

Amelanchier laevis (Smooth Juneberry)

Ammannia coccinea (Scarlet Toothcup)


Amorpha canescens (Leadplant)

Amorpha fruticosa (Indigo Bush)

Ampelopsis arborea (Pepper Vine)

Amphiachyris dracunculoides (Broomweed)

Amphicarpaea bracteata var. comosa (Hog Peanut)

Anaphalis margaritacea (Pearly Everlasting)

Andromeda glaucophylla (Bog Rosemary)

Anemone canadensis (Meadow Anemone)

Anemone caroliniana (Carolina Anemone)

Anemone cylindrica (Thimbleweed)

Anemone quinquefolia (Wood Anemone)

Anemone virginiana (Tall Anemone)

Anemonella thalictroides (Rue Anemone)


Angelica atropurpurea (Great Angelica)

Antennaria spp. (Pussytoes)

Antennaria neglecta (Field Pussytoes)

Antennaria plantaginifolia (Plantain-Leaved Pussytoes)

Antenoron virginianum (Jumpseed)

Anthemis cotula (Dog Fennel)

Apios americana (Groundnut)


Apios priceana (Price's Groundnut)

Aplectrum hyemale (Putty-Root Orchid)

Apocynum androsaemifolium (Spreading Dogbane)

Apocynum cannabinum (Common Dogbane)

Aquilegia canadensis (Wild Columbine)

Arabis laevigata (Smooth Rock Cress)

Arabis lyrata (Sand Cress)

Arabis shortii (Toothed Rock Cress)

Aralia hispida (Bristly Sarsaparilla)

Aralia nudicaulis (Wild Sarsaparilla)

Aralia racemosa (American Spikenard)

Arctium lappa (Great Burdock)

Arctium minus (Common Burdock)


Arethusa bulbosa (Dragon's Mouth Orchid)

Argentina anserina (Silverweed)

Arisaema triphyllum (Jack-in-the-Pulpit)

Aristolochia tomentosa (Dutchman's Pipevine)

Arnoglossum atriplicifolium (Pale Indian Plantain)

Arnoglossum muhlenbergii (Great Indian Plantain)


Arnoglossum plantagineum (Prairie Indian Plantain)

Aronia arbutifolia (Red Chokeberry)

Aronia melanocarpa (Black Chokeberry)

Aruncus dioicus (Goat's Beard)

Asclepias spp. (Milkweed)

Asclepias amplexicaulis (Sand Milkweed)

Asclepias exaltata (Poke Milkweed)

Asclepias hirtella (Tall Green Milkweed)

Asclepias incarnata (Swamp Milkweed)

Asclepias lanuginosa (Woolly Milkweed)

Asclepias meadii (Mead's Milkweed)

Asclepias ovalifolia (Oval-Leaved Milkweed)

Asclepias perennis (White Swamp Milkweed)

Asclepias purpurascens (Purple Milkweed)

Asclepias sullivantii (Prairie Milkweed)

Asclepias syriaca (Common Milkweed)

Asclepias tuberosa (Butterfly Milkweed)

Asclepias verticillata (Whorled Milkweed)

Asclepias viridiflora (Short Green Milkweed)

Asclepias viridis (Spider Milkweed)

Asimina triloba (Pawpaw)

Asparagus officinalis (Asparagus)

Aster sp. (Aster)

Aster anomalus (Many-Rayed Aster)

Aster ciliolatus (Rayless Alkali Aster)

Aster cordifolius (Blue Wood Aster)

Aster drummondii (Drummond's Aster)


Aster dumosus (Rice Button Aster)

Aster ericoides (Heath Aster)

Aster firmus (Shining Aster)

Aster furcatus (Forked Aster)


Aster laevis (Smooth Blue Aster)

Aster lanceolatus (Panicled Aster)

Aster lateriflorus (Calico Aster)

Aster macrophyllus (Large-Leaved Aster)


Aster novae-angliae (New England Aster)

Aster ontarionis (Ontario Aster)


Aster oolentangiensis (Sky Blue Aster)

Aster patens (Late Purple Aster)

Aster pilosus (Frost Aster)

Aster prenanthoides (Zig-Zag Aster)

Aster puniceus (Swamp Aster)

Aster sagittifolius (Arrow-Leaved Aster)


Aster salicifolius (Willow Aster)

Aster sericeus (Silky Aster)

Aster shortii (Short's Aster)

Aster subulatus (Expressway Aster)

Aster turbinellus (Prairie Aster)

Aster urophyllus (White Arrowleaf Aster)

Astragalus canadensis (Canada Milkvetch)

Astragalus crassicarpus var. trichocalyx (Large Ground Plum)

Astragalus tennesseenis (Tennessee Milkvetch)

Aureolaria flava (Smooth False Foxglove)

Aureolaria grandiflora (Large-Flowered False Foxglove)

Aureolaria pedicularia (Fern-leaved False Foxglove)

Baptisia australis (Blue Wild Indigo)

Baptisia × deamii (Deam's Wild Indigo)

Baptisia leucantha (White Wild Indigo)

Baptisia leucophaea (Cream Wild Indigo)

Baptisia tinctoria (Yellow Wild Indigo)

Barbarea vulgaris (Yellow Rocket)

Berberis spp. (Barberry)

Berberis thunbergii (Japanese Barberry)

Berberis vulgaris (European Barberry)

Berteroa incana (Hoary Alyssum)


Besseya bullii (Kittentails)

Bidens aristosa (Tickseed Sunflower)

Bidens bipinnata (Spanish Needles)

Bidens cernua (Nodding Bur-Marigold)

Bidens connata (Purple-Stemmed Beggar's Ticks)

Bidens coronata (Tall Swamp Marigold)

Bidens discoidea (Swamp Beggar's Ticks)

Bidens frondosa (Common Beggar's Ticks)


Bidens polylepis (Long-bracted Tickseed Sunflower)

Blephilia ciliata (Downy Wood Mint)

Blephilia hirsuta (Hairy Wood Mint)


Boltonia spp. (False Aster)

Boltonia asteroides (False Aster)

Brasenia schreberi (Watershield)

Brassica spp. (Mustard)

Brassica campestris (Field Mustard)

Brassica nigra (Black Mustard)

Brassica rapa rapa (Rape Mustard)

Brickellia eupatorioides (False Boneset)

Buddleja davidii (Butterfly Bush)

Cabomba caroliniana (Fanwort)

Calamintha arkansana (Low Calamint)

Callirhoe spp. (Poppy Mallow)

Callirhoe digitata (Fringed Poppy Mallow)

Callirhoe involucrata (Purple Poppy Mallow)

Callistephus chinensis (China Aster)

Calopogon tuberosus (Grass Pink Orchid)

Caltha palustris (Marsh Marigold)

Calylophus serrulatus (Plains Yellow Primrose)

Camassia scilloides (Wild Hyacinth)

Campanula aparinoides (Marsh Bellflower)

Campanula rotundifolia (Harebells)


Campanulastrum americanum (American Bellflower)

Campsis radicans (Trumpet Creeper)

Capsella bursa-pastoris (Shepherd's Purse)

Cardamine bulbosa (Spring Cress)

Cardamine douglassii (Purple Spring Cress)

Carduus acanthoides (Spiny Plumeless Thistle)

Carduus nutans (Nodding Thistle)

Carex pensylvanica (Pennsylvania Sedge)

Castanea dentata (American Chestnut)

Castilleja coccinea (Indian Paintbrush)

Castilleja sessiliflora (Yellow Painted Cup)

Catalpa speciosa (Northern Catalpa)

Caulophyllum thalictroides (Blue Cohosh)

Ceanothus sp. (Buckbrush)

Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey Tea)

Ceanothus herbaceus (Inland New Jersey Tea)

Celastrus scandens (American Bittersweet)

Centaurea spp. (Knapweed)

Centaurea biebersteinii (Spotted Knapweed)

Centaurea cyanus (Bachelor's Button)

Centaurea jacea (Brown Knapweed)

Cephalanthus occidentalis (Buttonbush)

Cerastium arvense (Field Chickweed)

Cerastium fontanum (Common Mouse-Eared Chickweed)

Cerastium nutans (Nodding Mouse-Eared Chickweed)

Cercis canadensis (Redbud)

Chaerophyllum procumbens (Wild Chervil)

Chamaecrista fasciculata (Partridge Pea)

Chamaecrista nictitans (Sensitive Pea)

Chamaedaphne calyculata (Leatherleaf)

Chamaesyce maculata (Prostrate Spurge)

Chamaesyce nutans (Nodding Spurge)

Chelone glabra (White Turtlehead)

Chimaphila maculata (Spotted Wintergreen)

Chimaphila umbellata (Pipsissewa)

Chionanthus virginicus (White Fringetree)

Chrysanthemum spp. (Chrysanthemum)

Chrysopsis spp. (Golden Aster)


Chrysopsis camporum (Prairie Golden Aster)

Chrysopsis mariana (Maryland Golden Aster)

Chrysopsis villosa (Hairy Golden Aster)


Cichorium intybus (Chicory)

Cicuta bulbifera (Bulblet Water Hemlock)

Cicuta maculata (Water Hemlock)

Cimicifuga racemosa (Black Cohosh)

Circaea lutetiana (Enchanter's Nightshade)

Cirsium spp. (Thistle)

Cirsium altissimum (Tall Thistle)

Cirsium arvense (Canada Thistle)


Cirsium discolor (Pasture Thistle)

Cirsium hillii (Hill's Thistle)

Cirsium muticum (Swamp Thistle)

Cirsium pitcheri (Dune Thistle)

Cirsium undulatum Wavy-Leaved Thistle)

Cirsium vulgare (Bull Thistle)

Claytonia virginica (Spring Beauty)

Clematis pitcheri (Pitcher's Leatherflower)

Clematis virginiana (Virgin's Bower)


Cleome serrulata (Rocky Mountain Bee Plant)

Clinopodium vulgare (Wild Basil)

Clintonia borealis (Bluebead Lily)

Collinsia verna (Blue-Eyed Mary)


Comandra umbellata (Bastard Toadflax)

Commelina communis (Asiatic Dayflower)

Commelina erecta deamii (Deam's Dayflower)

Conioselinum chinense (Hemlock Parsley)

Conium maculatum (Poison Hemlock)

Convolvulus spp. (Bindweed)

Convolvulus arvensis (Field Bindweed)

Convolvulus sepium (Hedge Bindweed)

Conyza canadensis (Horseweed)

Coreopsis spp. (Coreopsis)

Coreopsis lanceolata (Sand Coreopsis)

Coreopsis major (Greater Tickseed)

Coreopsis palmata (Prairie Coreopsis)

Coreopsis tinctoria (Plains Coreopsis)

Coreopsis tripteris (Tall Coreopsis)

Cornus spp. (Dogwood)

Cornus alternifolia (Alternate-leaved Dogwood)

Cornus amomum (Silky Dogwood)

Cornus canadensis (Bunchberry)

Cornus drummondii (Rough-Leaved Dogwood)

Cornus florida (Flowering Dogwood)

Cornus foemina (Stiff Dogwood)

Cornus mas (Cornelian Cherry)

Cornus obliqua (Pale Dogwood)

Cornus racemosa (Gray Dogwood)

Cornus rugosa (Round-leaved Dogwood)

Cornus sericea (Red-Osier Dogwood)

Cosmos spp. (Cosmos)

Crataegus spp. (Hawthorn)

Crataegus coccinea (Scarlet Hawthorn)

Crataegus crus-galli (Cock-Spur Hawthorn)

Crataegus holmesiana (Holme's Hawthorn)

Crataegus mollis (Downy Hawthorn)


Crepis tectorum (Narrow-Leaved Hawksbeard)

Crotalaria sagittalis (Rattlebox)

Croton glandulosus septentrionalis (Sand Croton)

Crotonopsis linearis (Linear Rushfoil)

Cryptotaenia canadensis (Honewort)


Cucumis melo (Cantaloupe)

Cucurbita foetidissima (Buffalo Gourd)

Cucurbita pepo (Summer Squash)


Cuphea viscossima (Clammy Cuphea)

Cuscuta cephalanthi (Buttonbush Dodder)


Cuscuta glomerata (American Dodder)

Cuscuta gronovii (Common Dodder)

Cynanchum laeve (Blue Vine)

Cynoglossum officinale (Common Hound's Tongue)

Cypripedium acaule (Pink Lady's Slipper)

Cypripedium arietinum (Ram's Head Lady's Slipper)

Cypripedium candidum (White Lady's Slipper)

Cypripedium pubescens (Yellow Lady's Slipper)


Cypripedium reginae (Showy Lady's Slipper)

Dalea spp. (Prairie Clover)

Dalea candida (White Prairie Clover)

Dalea enneandra (Sailpod Prairie Clover)

Dalea foliosa (Leafy Prairie Clover)

Dalea purpurea (Purple Prairie Clover)

Dalea villosa (Silky Prairie Clover)

Dasistoma macrophylla (Mullein Foxglove)

Datura stramonium var. stramonium (Jimsonweed)

Datura stramonium var. tatula (Jimsonweed)

Datura wrightii (Sacred Thornapple)

Daucus carota (Wild Carrot)

Decodon verticillatus (Swamp Loosestrife)

Delphinium carolinianum (Wild Delphinium)

Delphinium tricorne (Spring Larkspur)

Dentaria laciniata (Cut-Leaved Toothwort)

Descurainia pinnata (Tansy Mustard)

Desmanthus illinoensis (Illinois Bundleflower)

Desmodium canadense (Showy Tick Trefoil)

Desmodium canescens (Hoary Tick Trefoil)

Desmodium cuspidatum (Large-Bracted Tick Trefoil)

Desmodium glabellum/perplexum (Tick Trefoil)

Desmodium glutinosum (Pointed-Leaved Tick Trefoil)


Desmodium illinoense (Illinois Tick Trefoil)

Desmodium marilandicum (Small-Leaved Tick Trefoil)


Desmodium nudiflorum (Naked-flowered Tick Trefoil)

Desmodium obtusum (Obtuse-leaved Tick Trefoil)

Desmodium paniculatum (Panicled Tick Trefoil)

Desmodium perplexum (Perplexing Tick Trefoil)

Desmodium sessilifolium (Sessile-Leaved Tick Trefoil)

Dianthus spp. (Pink)

Dianthus armeria (Deptford Pink)

Dicentra canadensis (Squirrel Corn)

Dicentra cucullaria (Dutchman's Breeches)

Diervilla lonicera (Bush Honeysuckle)

Diodia teres (Rough Buttonweed)

Diospyros virginiana (Persimmon)

Dipsacus fullonum (Teasel)

Dipsacus laciniatus (Cut-leaved Teasel)

Dirca palustris (Leatherwood)


Dodecatheon meadia (Shooting Star)

Doellingeria umbellata (Flat-topped Aster)

Dracocephalum parviflorum (American Dragonhead)

Echinacea angustifolia (Prairie Purple Coneflower)

Echinacea pallida (Pale Purple Coneflower)

Echinacea purpurea (Purple Coneflower)

Echinacea simulata (Glade Coneflower)

Echinocystis lobata (Wild Cucumber)

Echinops sphaerocephalus (Great White Globe Thistle)

Echium vulgare (Viper's Bugloss)

Elaeagnus umbellata (Autumn Olive)

Ellisia nyctelaea (Aunt Lucy)

Enemion biternatum (False Rue Anemone)


Epilobium spp. (Willowherb)

Epilobium angustifolium (Fireweed)

Epilobium coloratum (Cinnamon Willowherb)

Epipactis helleborine (Broad-Leaved Helleborine)

Erechtites hieracifolia (Pilewort)

Erigenia bulbosa (Harbinger-of-Spring)

Erigeron sp. (Fleabane)

Erigeron annuus (Annual Fleabane)

Erigeron philadelphicus (Philadelphia Fleabane)

Erigeron pulchellus (Robin's Plantain)


Erigeron strigosus (Daisy Fleabane)

Erodium cicutarium (Storksbill)

Eryngium yuccifolium (Rattlesnake Master)

Erysimum cheiranthoides (Wormseed Mustard)

Erythronium albidum (White Trout Lily)

Erythronium americanum (Yellow Trout Lily)


Erythronium mesochoreum (Prairie Trout Lily)

Euonymus atropurpureus (Wahoo)

Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus (Hollow-stemmed Joe-Pye Weed)

Eupatoriadelphus maculatus (Spotted Joe-Pye Weed)

Eupatoriadelphus purpureus (Sweet Joe-Pye Weed)

Eupatorium spp. (Boneset)

Eupatorium altissimum (Tall Boneset)

Eupatorium coelestinum (Mistflower)

Eupatorium hyssopifolium (Hyssop-leaved Thoroughwort)

Eupatorium perfoliatum (Common Boneset)

Eupatorium serotinum (Late Boneset)

Eupatorium sessilifolium (Upland Boneset)


Euphorbia commutata (Wood Spurge)

Euphorbia corollata (Flowering Spurge)

Euphorbia cyparissias (Cypress Spurge)

Euphorbia marginata (Snow-on-the-Mountain)

Euthamia caroliniana (Carolina Grass-leaved Goldenrod)

Euthamia graminifolia (Grass-Leaved Goldenrod)

Euthamia gymnospermoides (Plains Grass-leaved Goldenrod)

Fallopia cilinodis (Fringed Black Bindweed)

Fallopia convolvulus (Black Bindweed)

Fallopia scandens (Climbing Buckwheat)


Filipendula rubra (Queen-of-the-Prairie)

Filipendula ulmaria (Queen-of-the-Meadow)

Fragaria virginiana (Wild Strawberry)

Frangula alnus (Glossy Buckthorn)

Frasera caroliniensis (American Columbo)

Fraxinus americanus (White Ash)

Gaillardia spp. (Gaillardia)

Gaillardia aristata (Indian Blanket)

Gaillardia pulchella (Blanket Flower)

Galearis spectabilis (Showy Orchis)

Galium aparine (Cleavers)

Galium boreale (Northern Bedstraw)

Galium obtusum (Wild Madder)

Galium trifidum (Small Bedstraw)


Galium triflorum (Fragrant Bedstraw)

Gaultheria procumbens (Checkerberry)

Gaura biennis (Biennial Gaura)

Gaylussacia baccata (Black Huckleberry)

Gentiana alba (Cream Gentian)

Gentiana andrewsii (Bottle Gentian)

Gentiana puberulenta (Prairie Gentian)

Gentianella quinquefolia (Stiff Gentian)

Gentianopsis crinita (Fringed Gentian)

Gentianopsis virgata (Small Fringed Gentian)

Geranium carolinianum (Carolina Cranesbill)

Geranium maculatum (Wild Geranium)

Geum canadense (White Avens)

Geum laciniatum (Rough Avens)

Geum triflorum (Prairie Smoke)

Geum vernum (Spring Avens)

Glandularia canadensis (Rose Vervain)

Glechoma hederacea (Ground Ivy)

Gleditsia triacanthos (Honey Locust)


Glycine max (Soybean)

Glycyrrhiza lepidota (Wild Licorice)

Gnaphalium obtusifolium (Sweet Everlasting)

Gossypium spp. (Cotton)

Gratiola virginiana (Round-Fruited Hedge Hyssop)

Grindelia squarrosa (Gumweed)

Gymnocladus dioicus (Kentucky Coffee Tree)


Hackelia virginiana (Stickseed)

Hamamelis virginiana (Witch Hazel)

Hasteola suaveolens (Sweet-scented Indian Plantain)

Hedeoma pulegioides (American Pennyroyal)

Hedyotis nigricans (Narrow-Leaved Bluets)

Helenium spp. (Sneezeweed)

Helenium amarum (Bitterweed)

Helenium autumnale (Sneezeweed)

Helenium flexuosum (Purple-headed Sneezeweed)

Helianthemum canadense (Canada Frostweed)

Helianthus spp. (Sunflowers)

Helianthus angustifolius (Narrow-Leaved Sunflower)

Helianthus annuus (Annual Sunflower)

Helianthus decapetalus (Ten-Petal Sunflower)

Helianthus divaricatus (Woodland Sunflower)


Helianthus giganteus (Giant Sunflower)

Helianthus grosseserratus (Sawtooth Sunflower)

Helianthus hirsutus (Hairy Sunflower)

Helianthus × laetiflorus (Showy Sunflower)

Helianthus maximiliani (Maximilian's Sunflower)

Helianthus mollis (Downy Sunflower)

Helianthus occidentalis (Western Sunflower)

Helianthus petiolaris (Plains Sunflower)

Helianthus rigidus (Prairie Sunflower)

Helianthus salicifolius (Willow-leaved Sunflower)

Helianthus strumosus (Pale-Leaved Sunflower)

Helianthus tuberosus (Indian Potato)

Heliopsis helianthoides (False Sunflower)

Hepatica acutiloba (Sharp-Lobed Hepatica)


Hepatica americana (Blunt-Lobed Hepatica)

Heracleum mantegazzianum (Giant Hogweed)

Heracleum maximum (Cow Parsnip)

Hesperis matronalis (Dame's Rocket)

Heterotheca subaxillaris (Camphorweed)

Heuchera americana (Woodland Alumroot)

Heuchera richardsonii (Prairie Alumroot)

Hibiscus moscheutos (Swamp Rose Mallow)

Hibiscus laevis (Halberd-Leaved Rose Mallow)

Hibiscus lasiocarpos (Hairy Rose Mallow)

Hibiscus syriacus (Rose-of-Sharon)

Hibiscus trionum (Flower-of-an-Hour)

Hieracium aurantiacum (Orange Hawkweed)

Hieracium caespitosum (Field Hawkweed)

Hieracium gronovii (Gronovius Hawkweed)

Hieracium piloselloides (Glaucous King Devil)

Hieracium scabrum (Rough Hawkweed)

Hieracium umbellatum (Northern Hawkweed)

Hieracium venosum (Rattlesnake Hawkweed)

Houstonia caerulea (Quaker Ladies)

Houstonia longifolia (Long-leaved Bluets)

Houstonia purpurea (Broad-leaved Bluets)


Humulus japonicus (Japanese Hops)

Hybanthus concolor (Green Violet)

Hydrangea arborescens (Wild Hydrangea)

Hydrophyllum appendiculatum (Great Waterleaf)

Hydrophyllum virginianum (Virginia Waterleaf)

Hymenopappus scabiosaeus (Old Plainsman)

Hypericum spp. (St. John's Wort)

Hypericum adpressum (Shore St. John's Wort)

Hypericum kalmianum (Kalm's St. John's Wort)

Hypericum perforatum (Common St. John's Wort)

Hypericum prolificum (Shrubby St. John's Wort)

Hypericum punctatum (Spotted St. John's Wort)

Hypericum pyramidatum (Great St. John's Wort)

Hypericum sphaerocarpum (Round-Fruited St. John's Wort)

Hypochaeris radicata (Rough Cat's Ear)

Hypoxis hirsuta (Yellow Star Grass)

Ilex verticillata (Winterberry)

Impatiens capensis (Orange Jewelweed)

Impatiens pallida (Yellow Jewelweed)

Inula helenium (Elecampane)

Iodanthus pinnatifidus (Purple Rocket)

Ionactis linariifolius (Flax-leaved Aster)

Ipomoea hederacea (Ivy-Leaved Morning Glory)

Ipomoea lacunosa (Small White Morning Glory)

Ipomoea pandurata (Wild Sweet Potato)

Ipomoea purpurea (Common Morning Glory)

Iris brevicaulis (Wild Blue Iris)

Iris cristata (Dwarf Crested Iris)

Iris fulva (Copper Iris)

Iris pseudacorus (Tall Yellow Iris)

Iris versicolor shrevei (Blue Flag Iris)

Iris versicolor versicolor (Northern Blue Flag)

Isotria verticillata (Whorled Pogonia)

Jeffersonia diphylla (Twin-Leaf)


Justicia americana (Water Willow)

Kalmia angustifolia (Sheep Laurel)

Kalmia latifolia (Mountain Laurel)

Krigia biflora (Two-Flowered Cynthia)

Krigia dandelion (Potato Dandelion)

Krigia virginica (Dwarf Dandelion)

Lactuca biennis (Tall Blue Lettuce)

Lactuca canadensis (Wild Lettuce)

Lactuca floridana (Blue Woodland Lettuce)


Lactuca pulchella (Wild Blue Lettuce)

Lamium amplexicaule (Henbit)

Lathyrus maritimus (Beach Pea)

Lathyrus venosus (Veiny Pea)

Ledum groenlandicum (Labrador Tea)

Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort)


Lepidium densiflorum (Green-flowered Peppergrass)

Lepidium virginicum (Common Peppergrass)

Lespedeza capitata (Round-Headed Bush Clover)

Lespedeza cuneata (Chinese Bush Clover)

Lespedeza frutescens (Violet Bush Clover)

Lespedeza hirta (Hairy Bush Clover)

Lespedeza procumbens (Trailing Bush Clover)


Lespedeza repens (Creeping Bush Clover)

Lespedeza virginica (Slender Bush Clover)

Leucanthemum vulgare (Ox-Eye Daisy)

Liatris spp. (Blazingstar)

Liatris aspera (Rough Blazingstar)

Liatris cylindracea (Cylindrical Blazingstar)

Liatris punctata (Dotted Blazingstar)

Liatris pycnostachya (Prairie Blazingstar)

Liatris scariosa nieuwlandii (Savanna Blazingstar)

Liatris spicata (Marsh Blazingstar)

Liatris squarrosa (Scaly Blazingstar)

Lilium canadense (Canada Lily)

Lilium michiganense (Michigan Lily)

Lilium philadelphicum (Prairie Lily)

Linaria vulgaris (Butter-and-Eggs)

Lindera benzoin (Spicebush)

Lindernia dubia (False Pimpernel)

Linnaea borealis (Twin-Flower)

Linum medium texanum (Stiff Yellow Flax)

Linum rigidum (Stiff-stemmed Flax)

Linum sulcatum (Grooved Yellow Flax)

Linum usitatissimum (Common Flax)

Liparis liliifolia (Twayblade Orchid)


Lithospermum canescens (Hoary Puccoon)

Lithospermum croceum (Hairy Puccoon)

Lobelia spp. (Lobelia)

Lobelia cardinalis (Cardinal Flower)

Lobelia inflata (Indian Tobacco)

Lobelia kalmii (Kalm's Lobelia)

Lobelia puberula (Downy Lobelia)

Lobelia × speciosa (Hybrid Cardinal Flower)


Lobelia siphilitica (Great Blue Lobelia)

Lobelia spicata (Pale-Spiked Lobelia)

Lonicera canadensis (American Fly Honeysuckle)

Lonicera dioica (Smooth Honeysuckle)

Lonicera japonica (Japanese Honeysuckle)

Lonicera oblongifolia (Swamp Fly Honeysuckle)

Lonicera reticulata (Grape Honeysuckle)

Lonicera sempervirens (Trumpet Honeysuckle)

Lonicera tatarica (Tatarian Honeysuckle)

Lotus corniculatus (Bird Foot's Trefoil)

Ludwigia alternifolia (Seedbox)

Ludwigia peploides glabrescens (Creeping Primrose)

Ludwigia polycarpa (False Loosestrife)


Lupinus perennis (Wild Lupine)

Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato)

Lycopus americanus (Common Bugleweed)

Lycopus uniflorus (Northern Bugleweed)

Lycopus virginicus (Virginia Bugleweed)

Lygodesmia juncea (Skeleton Weed)

Lysimachia ciliata (Fringed Loosestrife)


Lysimachia lanceolata (Lance-Leaved Loosestrife)

Lysimachia quadriflora (Marsh Loosestrife)

Lysimachia quadrifolia (Whorled Loosestrife)

Lysimachia terrestris (Swamp Candles)

Lythrum alatum (Winged Loosestrife)

Lythrum salicaria (Purple Loosestrife)

Machaeranthera tanacetifolia (Tansy-leaved Aster)

Maianthemum canadense (Canada Mayflower)

Malus coronaria (Wild Sweet Crabapple)

Malus pumila (Apple)

Malva neglecta (Common Mallow)

Manfreda virginica (Eastern Agave)

Marrubium vulgare (Common Horehound)

Medicago spp. (Burclover)

Medicago lupulina (Black Medic)

Medicago sativa (Alfalfa)

Melampyrum lineare (Cow-Wheat)

Melanthium virginicum (Bunchflower)

Melilotus spp. (Sweet Clover)

Melilotus alba (White Sweet Clover)


Melilotus officinalis (Yellow Sweet Clover)

Mentha spp. (Mint)

Mentha arvensis (Field Mint)

Mentha × piperita (Peppermint)

Mentha spicata (Spearmint)

Mentzelia decapetala (Ten Petal Stickleaf)

Mertensia virginica (Virginia Bluebells)

Mikania scandens (Climbing Hempweed)

Mimulus alatus (Winged Monkey Flower)

Mimulus ringens (Monkey Flower)

Minuartia michauxii (Stiff Sandwort)

Minuartia patula (Slender Sandwort)

Mirabilis nyctaginea (Wild Four O'Clock)

Mitchella repens (Partridge Berry)

Mitella diphylla (Miterwort)


Moehringia lateriflora (Grove Sandwort)

Mollugo verticillata (Carpetweed)

Monarda sp. (Bee Balm)

Monarda bradburiana (Bradbury's Bee Balm)

Monarda citriodora (Lemon Bee Balm)

Monarda didyma (Oswego Tea)

Monarda fistulosa (Wild Bergamot)

Monarda punctata (Spotted Bee Balm)

Monotropa hypopitys (Pinesap)

Monotropa uniflora (Indian Pipe)

Myosotis spp. (Forget-Me-Not)

Myosotis scorpioides (Common Forget-Me-Not)

Myosotis verna (Spring Scorpion Grass)

Myosurus minimus (Mousetail)

Napaea dioica (Glade Mallow)

Narcissus spp. (Narcissus, Daffodil)

Narcissus pseudonarcissus (Common Daffodil)

Nasturtium officinale (Water Cress)

Nelumbo lutea (Water Lotus)

Nemopanthus mucronatus (Mountain Holly)

Nepeta cataria (Catnip)


Nicandra physalodes (Apple-of-Peru)

Nothoscordum bivalve (False Garlic)

Nuphar advena (Spatterdock)

Nuttallanthus canadensis (Blue Toadflax)

Nymphaea tuberosa (White Water Lily)


Ocimum basilicum (Basil)

Oenothera biennis (Common Evening Primrose)

Oenothera clelandii (Sand Evening Primrose)

Oenothera fruticosa (Narrow-leaved Sundrops)

Oenothera macrocarpa (Missouri Evening Primrose)

Oenothera pilosella (Prairie Sundrops)

Oenothera speciosa (Showy Evening Primrose)

Oligoneuron album (Aster-like Goldenrod)

Oligoneuron ohiense (Ohio Goldenrod)

Onosmodium molle (Marbleseed)

Opuntia spp. (Prickly Pear)

Opuntia humifusa (Eastern Prickly Pear)

Origanum vulgare (Oregano)

Orobanche uniflora (One-Flowered Broomrape)

Orthilia secunda (One-Sided Shinleaf)

Osmorhiza longistylis (Anise Root)

Oxalis spp. (Wood Sorrel)

Oxalis corniculata (Creeping Wood Sorrel)


Oxalis montana (Northern Wood Sorrel)

Oxalis stricta (Yellow Wood Sorrel)

Oxalis violacea (Violet Wood Sorrel)

Oxypolis rigidior (Cowbane)

Panax quinquefolius (American Ginseng)

Panicum virgatum (Switchgrass)

Parnassia glauca (Grass of Parnassus)

Parthenium integrifolium (Wild Quinine)

Parthenocissus inserta (Thicket Creeper)

Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia Creeper)

Passiflora incarnata (Passionflower)

Passiflora lutea (Creamy Passionflower)

Pastinaca sativa (Wild Parsnip)


Pedicularis canadensis (Wood Betony)

Pedicularis lanceolata (Swamp Betony)

Peltandra virginica (Arrow Arum)

Penstemon calycosus (Long-sepaled Penstemon)

Penstemon cobaea cobaea (Showy Penstemon, typical variety)

Penstemon cobaea purpureus (Showy Penstemon, purple variety)

Penstemon digitalis (Foxglove Penstemon)

Penstemon gracilis gracilis (Slender Penstemon, typical variety)

Penstemon gracilis wisconsinensis (Slender Penstemon, Wisconsin variety)

Penstemon grandiflorus (Large-Flowered Penstemon)

Penstemon hirsutus (Hairy Penstemon)

Penstemon laevigatus (Eastern Smooth Beardtongue)

Penstemon pallidus (Pale Beardtongue)

Penstemon tubaeflorus (Trumpet Penstemon)

Pentaphylloides floribunda (Shrubby Cinquefoil)

Penthorum sedoides (Ditch Stonecrop)

Perideridia americana (Wild Dill)

Persicaria spp. (Smartweed)

Persicaria amphibia (Water Smartweed)

Persicaria coccinea (Marsh Smartweed)

Persicaria hydropiper (Water Pepper)

Persicaria hydropiperoides (Mild Water Pepper)

Perscaria lapathifolia (Pale Smartweed)

Persicaria longiseta (Creeping Smartweed)

Persicaria pennsylvanica (Pennsylvania Smartweed)

Persicaria punctata (Dotted Smartweed)

Persicaria vulgaris (Lady's Thumb)

Petunia × hybrida (Petunia)

Phacelia bipinnatifida (Fernleaf Phacelia)

Phacelia purshii (Miami Mist)

Phacelia ranunculacea (Dwarf Phacelia)

Phalaris arundinacea (Reed Canary Grass)

Philadelphus grandiflorus (Large-Flowered Mock Orange)


Phlox divaricata ssp. laphamii (Woodland Phlox)


Phlox glaberrima (Smooth Phlox)

Phlox pilosa (Prairie Phlox)

Phlox subulata (Moss Phlox)

Phryma leptostachya (Lopseed)


Phyla lanceolata (Fogfruit)

Physalis heterophylla (Clammy Ground Cherry)

Physalis lanceolata (Lance-leaved Ground Cherry)

Physalis longifolia (Long-leaved Ground Cherry)

Physalis philadelphica (Mexican Ground Cherry)

Physalis subglabrata (Smooth Ground Cherry)

Physalis virginiana (Virginia Ground Cherry)

Physocarpus opulifolius (Ninebark)

Physostegia parviflora (Western Obedient Plant)

Physostegia virginiana (Obedient Plant)

Phytolacca americana (Pokeweed)

Plantago lanceolata (English Plantain)

Plantago major (Broad-leaved Plantain)

Plantago rugelii (Black-seeded Plantain)

Platanthera blephariglottis (White-Fringed Orchid)

Platanthera ciliaris (Orange-Fringed Orchid)

Platanthera flava (Tubercled Orchid)

Platanthera grandiflora (Large Purple-Fringed Orchid)

Platanthera lacera (Ragged Green Orchid)

Platanthera leucophaea (Prairie White-Fringed Orchid)

Platanthera obtusata (Blunt-Leaved Orchid)

Platanthera orbiculata (Round-Leaved Orchid)

Platanthera peramoena (Purple Fringeless Orchid)

Platanthera praeclara (Prairie White-Fringed Orchid)

Platanthera psychodes (Purple-Fringed Orchid)

Pluchea camphorata (Camphor Pluchea)

Poa pratensis (Kentucky Bluegrass)

Podophyllum peltatum (Mayapple)

Pogonia ophioglossoides (Rose Pogonia)

Poinsettia dentata (Toothed Spurge)

Polemonium reptans (Jacob's Ladder)


Polygala cruciata aquilonia (Cross-leaved Milkwort)

Polygala paucifolia (Gaywings)

Polygala polygama (Purple Milkwort)

Polygala sanguinea (Field Milkwort)

Polygala senega (Seneca Snakeroot)

Polygonatum commutatum (Solomon's Seal)

Polygonatum pubescens (Small Solomon's Seal)


Polygonum aviculare (Prostrate Knotweed)

Polymnia canadensis (White-Flowered Leafcup)

Polytaenia nutallii (Prairie Parsley)

Pontederia cordata (Pickerelweed)

Populus deltoides (Eastern Cottonwood)

Populus tremuloides (Quaking Aspen)

Porteranthus stipulatus (Indian Physic)

Porteranthus trifoliatus (Bowman's Root)

Portulaca oleracea (Purslane)

Potentilla argentea (Silvery Cinquefoil)

Potentilla arguta (Prairie Cinquefoil)

Potentilla norvegica (Rough Cinquefoil)


Potentilla recta (Sulfur Cinquefoil)

Potentilla simplex (Common Cinquefoil)

Prenanthes alba (White Lettuce)

Prenanthes aspera (Rough White Lettuce)

Prenanthes crepidinea (Great White Lettuce)


Proboscidea louisianica (Unicorn Plant)

Prunella vulgaris (Self-Heal)

Prunus spp. (Cherry and Plum)

Prunus americana (Wild Plum)

Prunus angustifolia (Chickasaw Plum)

Prunus mexicana (Big Tree Plum)

Prunus nigra (Canada Plum)

Prunus pensylvanica (Pin Cherry)

Prunus persica (Peach)

Prunus pumila (Sand Cherry)

Prunus serotina (Wild Black Cherry)


Prunus virginiana (Chokecherry)

Psoralea argophylla (Silverleaf Scurf Pea)

Psoralea onobrychis (Sanfoin)

Psoralea tenuiflora (Scurfy Pea)

Ptelea trifoliata (Wafer Ash)


Pteridium aquilinum latiusculum (Bracken Fern)

Pulsatilla patens (Pasque Flower)

Pycnanthemum incanum (Gray Mountain Mint)

Pycnanthemum pilosum (Hairy Mountain Mint)

Pycnanthemum tenuifolium (Slender Mountain Mint)

Pycnanthemum virginianum (Common Mountain Mint)

Pyracantha spp. (Firethorn)

Pyrrhopappus carolinianus (False Dandelion)

Pyrus calleryana (Callery Pear)

Pyrus communis (Cultivated Pear)

Quercus spp. (Oak)

Ranunculus spp. (Buttercup)

Ranunculus abortivus (Small-Flowered Buttercup)

Ranunculus acris (Tall Buttercup)

Ranunculus bulbosus (Bulbous Buttercup)

Ranunculus fascicularis (Early Buttercup)

Ranunculus harveyi (Harvey's Buttercup)

Ranunculus recurvatus (Hooked Buttercup)

Ranunculus septentrionalis (Swamp Buttercup)


Ratibida columnifera (Long-Headed Coneflower)

Ratibida pinnata (Yellow Coneflower)

Reynoutria japonica (Japanese Knotweed)

Rhamnus lanceolata (Lance-Leaved Buckthorn)


Rhexia virginica (Virginia Meadow Beauty)

Rhododendron periclymenoides (Pinkster Flower)

Rhus sp. (Sumac)

Rhus aromatica (Fragrant Sumac)

Rhus copallina (Winged Sumac)

Rhus glabra (Smooth Sumac)

Rhus hirta (Staghorn Sumac)

Ribes americanum (Wild Black Currant)

Ribes aureum (Golden Currant)

Ribes cynosbati (Prickly Gooseberry)

Ribes glandulosum (Skunk Currant)

Ribes hirtellum (Northern Gooseberry)

Ribes missouriense (Missouri Gooseberry)

Ribes rubrum (Red Currant)

Robinia pseudoacacia (Black Locust)

Rorippa palustris (Marsh Yellow Cress)

Rorippa teres (Southern Marsh Yellow Cress)

Rosa spp. (Wild Rose)

Rosa arkansana (Prairie Rose)

Rosa blanda (Smooth Rose)

Rosa carolina (Pasture Rose)

Rosa × medioccidentalis (Midwest Rose)

Rosa multiflora (Multiflora Rose)

Rosa rugosa (Rugosa Rose)

Rosa setigera (Wild Climbing Rose)

Rubus spp. (Blackberry, Raspberry, Dewberry)

Rubus allegheniensis (Common Blackberry)

Rubus alumnus (Heart-leaved Blackberry)

Rubus argutus (Highbush Blackberry)

Rubus avipes (Bird's Foot Blackberry)

Rubus bellobatus (Kittatinny Blackberry)

Rubus flagellaris (Common Dewberry)

Rubus hispidus (Swamp Dewberry)

Rubus idaeus (Red Raspberry)

Rubus michiganensis (Michigan Dewberry)

Rubus occidentalis (Black Raspberry)

Rubus parviflorus (Thimbleberry)

Rubus rosa (Rose Blackberry)

Rubus semisetosus (False Bristly Blackberry)

Rudbeckia hirta (Black-Eyed Susan)

Rudbeckia laciniata (Cut-Leaved Coneflower)

Rudbeckia missouriensis (Missouri Coneflower)

Rudbeckia subtomentosa (Sweet Coneflower)

Rudbeckia triloba (Brown-Eyed Susan)

Ruellia humilis (Hairy Wild Petunia)

Ruellia strepens (Smooth Wild Petunia)

Rumex acetosella (Sheep Sorrel)

Sabatia angularis (Common Rose Gentian)

Sabatia campestris (Prairie Rose Gentian)

Sagittaria brevirostra (Midwestern Arrowhead)

Sagittaria graminea (Grass-leaved Arrowhead)

Sagittaria latifolia (Common Arrowhead)

Salix spp. (Willow)

Salix amygdaloides (Peach-Leaved Willow)

Salix bebbiana (Bebb's Willow)


Salix discolor (Pussy Willow)

Salix fragilis (Crack Willow)

Salix humilis (Prairie Willow)

Salix interior (Sandbar Willow)

Salix lucida (Shining Willow)

Salix myricoides (Blue-leaved Willow)

Salix nigra (Black Willow)

Salix petiolaris (Meadow Willow)

Salix rigida (Heart-Leaved Willow)


Salix sericea (Silky Willow)

Salvia azurea (Wild Blue Sage)

Salvia lyrata (Lyre-leaved Sage)

Salvia reflexa (Rocky Mountain Sage)

Sambucus canadensis (Common Elderberry)

Sambucus racemosa (Red Elderberry)

Samolus parviflorus (Brookweed)

Sanguinaria canadensis (Bloodroot)

Sanguisorba canadensis (American Burnet)

Sanicula canadensis (Canada Black Snakeroot)

Sanicula marilandica (Maryland Black Snakeroot)


Sanicula odorata (Clustered Black Snakeroot)

Saponaria officinalis (Soapwort)

Sarracenia purpurea (Northern Pitcher Plant)

Sassafras albidum (Sassafras)

Saururus cernuus (Lizard's Tail)

Saxifraga pennsylvanica (Swamp Saxifrage)

Saxifraga virginiensis (Early Saxifrage)

Schrankia nuttallii (Sensitive Brier)

Scilla sibirica (Siberian Squill)

Scrophularia lanceolata (Early Figwort)

Scrophularia marilandica (Late Figwort)


Scutellaria galericulata (Marsh Skullcap)

Scutellaria incana (Downy Skullcap)

Scutellaria lateriflora (Mad Dog Skullcap)

Scutellaria ovata bracteata (Heart-Leaved Skullcap)


Scutellaria parvula (Small Skullcap)

Securigera varia (Crown Vetch)

Sedum acre (Mossy Stonecrop)

Sedum ternatum (Woodland Stonecrop)

Senecio spp. (Ragwort)

Senecio anonymus (Small's Ragwort)

Senecio aureus (Golden Ragwort)

Senecio glabellus (Butterweed)

Senecio obovatus (Spoon-Leaved Ragwort)

Senecio pauperculus (Balsam Ragwort)

Senecio plattensis (Prairie Ragwort)

Senna marilandica (Maryland Senna)

Sibara virginica (Virginia Rock Cress)

Sibbaldiopsis tridentata (Three-Toothed Cinquefoil)

Sicyos angulatus (Bur Cucumber)

Sida spinosa (Prickly Sida)

Silene caroliniana (Wild Pink)

Silene latifolia (White Campion)

Silene nivea (Snowy Campion)

Silene regia (Royal Catchfly)

Silene virginica (Firepink)

Silene stellata (Starry Campion)

Silphium spp. (Silphium)

Silphium integrifolium (Rosinweed)

Silphium laciniatum (Compass Plant)

Silphium perfoliatum (Cup Plant)

Silphium terebinthinaceum (Prairie Dock)

Sisyrinchium spp. (Blue-eyed Grass)

Sisyrinchium albidum (White Blue-eyed Grass)

Sisyrinchium angustifolium (Stout Blue-Eyed Grass)

Sisyrinchium atlanticum (Eastern Blue-eyed Grass)

Sisyrinchium campestre (Prairie Blue-Eyed Grass)

Sisyrinchium montanum (Boreal Blue-eyed Grass)

Sium suave (Water Parsnip)

Smilacina racemosa (False Solomon's Seal)


Smilacina stellata (Starry False Solomon's Seal)

Smilax ecirrhata (Upright Carrion Flower)

Smilax herbacea (Carrion Flower)

Smilax tamnoides var. hispida (Bristly Greenbrier)


Solanum carolinense (Horse Nettle)

Solanum dulcamara (Bittersweet Nightshade)

Solanum ptycanthum (Black Nightshade)

Solanum rostratum (Buffalo Bur)

Solidago spp. (Goldenrod)

Solidago bicolor (Silver-Rod)

Solidago caesia (Bluestem Goldenrod)

Solidago canadensis (Canada Goldenrod)

Solidago flexicaulis (Zigzag Goldenrod)

Solidago gigantea (Giant Goldenrod)

Solidago hispida (Hairy Goldenrod)

Solidago juncea (Early Goldenrod)

Solidago missouriensis (Missouri Goldenrod)

Solidago nemoralis (Field Goldenrod)

Solidago patula (Swamp Goldenrod)

Solidago riddellii (Riddell's Goldenrod)

Solidago rigida (Stiff Goldenrod)

Solidago rugosa (Rough-leaved Goldenrod)

Solidago sciaphila (Cliff Goldenrod)

Solidago sempervirens (Seaside Goldenrod)

Solidago simplex racemosa (Riverside Outcrop Goldenrod)

Solidago speciosa (Showy Goldenrod)

Solidago uliginosa (Bog Goldenrod)

Solidago ulmifolia (Elm-Leaved Goldenrod)

Sonchus arvensis (Perennial Sowthistle)

Sorbaria sorbifolia (False Spiraea)

Sorbus aucuparia (European Mountain Ash)

Spartina pectinata (Prairie Cordgrass)

Spigelia marilandica (Indian Pink)

Spiranthes casei (Case's Ladies' Tresses)

Spiranthes cernua (Nodding Ladies' Tresses)

Spiranthes gracilis (Slender Ladies' Tresses)

Spiranthes lacera (Slender Ladies' Tresses)

Spiranthes lucida (Yellow-Lipped Ladies' Tresses)

Spiranthes ochroleuca (Yellow Nodding Ladies' Tresses)

Spiranthes romanzoffiana (Hooded Ladies' Tresses)

Spiranthes vernalis (Spring Ladies' Tresses)

Spiraea spp. (Spiraea)

Spiraea alba (Meadowsweet)

Spiraea salicifolia (Willow-leaved Meadowsweet)

Spiraea tomentosa (Steeplebush)

Stachys aspera (Hyssop Hedge Nettle)

Stachys palustris (Marsh Hedge Nettle)

Stachys pilosa (Hairy Hedge Nettle)

Staphylea trifolia (Bladdernut)


Stellaria longifolia (Long-Leaved Stitchwort)

Stellaria media (Common Chickweed)

Stellaria pubera (Star Chickweed)

Stenanthium gramineum (Grass-Leaved Lily)


Strophostyles helvola (Trailing Wild Bean)

Strophostyles leiosperma (Small Wild Bean)

Stylisma pickeringii pattersonii (Patterson's Bindweed)

Stylophorum diphyllum (Wood Poppy)

Stylosanthes biflora (Pencil Flower)

Symphoricarpos albus (Snowberry)

Symphoricarpos occidentalis (Wolfberry)

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus (Coralberry)

Syringa vulgaris (Common Lilac)

Taenidia integerrima (Yellow Pimpernel)

Tamarix parviflora (Tamarisk)

Tanacetum huronense (Huron Tansy)

Tanacetum vulgare (Tansy)

Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion)


Tephrosia virginiana (Goat's Rue)

Tetraneuris herbacea (Lakeside Daisy)

Teucrium canadense (American Germander)

Thalictrum dasycarpum (Purple Meadow Rue)

Thalictrum pubescens (Tall Meadow Rue)

Thalictrum revolutum (Waxy Meadow Rue)

Thaspium barbinode (Hairy-Jointed Meadow Parsnip)

Thaspium trifoliatum (Purple-Flowered Meadow Parsnip)

Thaspium trifoliatum var. flavum (Meadow Parsnip)

Thlaspi arvense (Field Pennycress)

Thymus pulegioides (Lemon Thyme)

Tilia americana (American Basswood)

Tilia cordata (Little-leaved Linden)

Tilia heterophylla (White Basswood)

Tilia platyphyllos (Big-leaved Linden)

Tipularia discolor (Cranefly Orchid)

Tofieldia glutinosa (False Asphodel)


Tomanthera auriculata (Eared False Foxglove)

Torilis arvensis (Field Hedge Parsley)

Torilis japonica (Japanese Hedge Parsley)

Toxicodendron radicans (Poison Ivy)

Toxicodendron vernix (Poison Sumac)

Tracaulon sagittatum (Tear Thumb)

Tradescantia ohiensis (Ohio Spiderwort)

Tradescantia subaspera (Zigzag Spiderwort)

Tradescantia virginiensis (Virginia Spiderwort)

Tragopogon dubius (Sand Goat's Beard)

Trichostema dichotomum (Forked Blue Curls)

Trichostoma brachiatum (False Pennyroyal)

Trientalis borealis (Star-Flower)

Trifolium spp. (Clover)

Trifolium arvense (Rabbit's Foot Clover)

Trifolium aureum (Large Hop Clover)

Trifolium hybridum (Alsike Clover)

Trifolium pratense (Red Clover)


Trifolium reflexum (Buffalo Clover)

Trifolium repens (White Clover)

Trillium erectum (Red Trillium)

Trillium grandiflorum (Large-Flowered Trillium)

Trillium nivale (Snow Trillium)

Trillium recurvatum (Prairie Trillium)

Trillium sessile (Sessile Trillium)


Triodanis perfoliata (Venus' Looking Glass)

Triosteum aurantiacum (Early Horse Gentian)

Triosteum perfoliatum (Common Horse Gentian)

Triphora trianthophora (Three-Birds Orchid)

Typha latifolia (Broad-leaved Cattail)

Ulmus americana (American Elm)

Ulmus rubra (Slippery Elm)

Urtica gracilis (Tall Nettle)

Uvularia grandiflora (Large-Flowered Bellwort)


Uvularia sessilifolia (Sessile-Leaved Bellwort)

Vaccinium spp. (Blueberry)

Vaccinium angustifolium (Low-Bush Blueberry)

Vaccinium arboreum (Farkleberry)

Vaccinium corymbosum (Highbush Blueberry)

Vaccinium macrocarpon (Large Cranberry)

Vaccinium myrtilloides (Canada Blueberry)

Vaccinium oxycoccos (Small Cranberry)

Vaccinium pallidum (Hillside Blueberry)

Vaccinium stamineum (Deerberry)

Valeriana edulis ciliata (Prairie Valerian)

Valeriana officinalis (Garden Valerian)

Valeriana uliginosa (Marsh Valerian)

Valerianella radiata (Corn Salad)

Veratrum viride (Green False Hellebore)

Verbascum thapsus (Great Mullein)

Verbena spp. (Vervain)

Verbena bonariensis (Purpletop Vervain)

Verbena bracteata (Creeping Vervain)


Verbena × engelmannii (Engelmann's Vervain)

Verbena hastata (Blue Vervain)

Verbena officinalis (Common Vervain)

Verbena × rydbergii (Rydberg's Vervain)

Verbena simplex (Narrow-Leaved Vervain)


Verbena stricta (Hoary Vervain)

Verbena urticifolia (White Vervain)


Verbesina spp. (Crownbeard)

Verbesina alternifolia (Wingstem)

Verbesina encelioides (Golden Crownbeard)

Verbesina helianthoides (Yellow Crownbeard)

Vernonia spp. (Ironweed)

Vernonia baldwinii (Baldwin's Ironweed)

Vernonia fasciculata (Smooth Ironweed)

Vernonia gigantea (Tall Ironweed)

Vernonia × illinoensis (Illinois Ironweed)

Vernonia missurica (Missouri Ironweed)

Vernonia noveboracensis (New York Ironweed)

Veronica spp. (Speedwell)

Veronica arvensis (Corn Speedwell)

Veronica hederaefolia (Ivy-Leaved Speedwell)

Veronica peregrina (Purslane Speedwell)


Veronica serpyllifolia (Thyme-Leaved Speedwell)

Veronicastrum virginicum (Culver's Root)

Viburnum spp. (Viburnum)

Viburnum acerifolium (Maple-leaved Viburnum)

Viburnum alnifolium (Hobblebush)

Viburnum dentatum (Southern Arrowwood)

Viburnum lentago (Nannyberry)

Viburnum nudum (Possumhaw)

Viburnum opulus (Cranberry Bush)

Viburnum prunifolium (Blackhaw Viburnum)

Viburnum rafinesquianum (Downy Arrowwood)

Viburnum recognitum (Smooth Arrowwood)

Viburnum rufidulum (Southern Blackhaw)

Vicia americana (Purple Vetch)

Vicia carolina (Carolina Vetch)

Vicia cracca (Cow Vetch)

Vicia villosa (Hairy Vetch)

Viola obliqua (Marsh Violet)

Viola pedata (Bird's Foot Violet)

Viola pedatifida (Prairie Violet)

Viola pubescens (Yellow Violet)


Viola sagittata (Arrow-Leaved Violet)

Viola sororia (Common Blue Violet)

Viola striata (Cream Violet)

Viola × wittrockiana (Garden Pansy)

Vitis riparia (Riverbank Grape)

Vitis vulpina (Frost Grape)


Waldsteinia fragarioides (Barren Strawberry)

Yucca glauca (Soapweed)

Zanthoxylum americanum (Prickly Ash)

Zea mays (Corn)


Zizia aurea (Golden Alexanders)

Zizia aptera (Heart-leaved Alexanders)