Insects Feeding
on these Plants:
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Ilex aquifolium (English Holly) [Aquifoliaceae]
(observations are from Spencer & Steyskal)
Diptera (Flies)
Agromyzidae: Phytomyza ditmani [larvae are serpentine leaf-miners; found in Washington DC] SS1986, Phytomyza ilicicola (Native Holly Leafminer) [larvae are blotch leaf-miners; widespread in E USA] SS1986, Phytomyza opacae [larvae are leaf-miners; found in Delaware, Maryland, & Washington DC] SS1986